Analysis of the effect of ultrasonic agitation on the cleaning of root canals using different periods during the final irrigation

Resumo

The ultrasonic agitation was introduced as an adjuvant
to conventional chemo-mechanical debridement during endodontic
treatment to overcome the persistence of biofilms. Objective: To verify
the cleaning of root canals irrigated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)
and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), with or without an ultrasonic
agitation, using different time periods and images obtained by scanning
electron microscope (SEM). Material and methods: Forty mandibular
incisors were cleaned, shaped and randomly divided into five groups
according to the final irrigation protocol: SH10 group (ultrasonic agitation
with NaOCl for 10 s), SH30 group (ultrasonic agitation with NaOCl for 30
s), SHE30 group (ultrasonic agitation with NaOCl and EDTA for 10 s),
SHE90 group (ultrasonic agitation with NaOCl and EDTA for 30 s), and
control group (NaOCl and EDTA without ultrasonic agitation). The teeth
were prepared and analyzed by SEM at ×2000. The Kruskal–Wallis test
was used with a 5% level of significance. Results: For the cervical and
medial thirds, there was no statistically significant difference in cleaning
among the protocols used (p > 0.05). For the cleaning of the apical third,
SHE90 group demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.05), as compared
to the control and SH10 groups. Conclusion: For the final irrigation,
an ultrasonic agitation with NaOCl and EDTA for 30 s allowed a better
cleaning of the debris in the apical third of the root canal.