Association of early life health conditions, nutritional status, and feeding practices with caries prevalence in preschool children

Resumo

This study aimed to determine whether health conditions in
the first year of life, nutritional status and dietary habits throughout
life are related to the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC).
Material and methods: Sample consisted of 338 children from
public schools. The prevalence of dental caries was assessed by dmf-t
index. An anthropometric analysis was conducted for identification
of nutritional risk. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Poisson
regression analysis, considering the dependent variables: a) presence
of ECC (dmft ≥ 1); b) presence of severe ECC (dmft ≥ 6). Results:
It was observed that 64% of the children exhibited ECC (mean dmft
2.97) and 23% suffer from severe ECC (mean dmft 8.2). 28 (11%)
were at nutritional risk and more than 30% consumed sweets one
or more times a day. It was observed that 8% showed low birth
weight, 9% used antibiotics frequently in the first year of life and
67% maintained the habit of nocturnal bottle/breast-feeding after
this period. Nocturnal feeding for prolonged time, frequent use of
antibiotics and nutritional risk were associated with higher prevalence
and severity of caries in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion:
These results reinforce the relationship between early life events,
nutritional status, and dental caries in primary teeth.